At the end of March 2016, the China Society of Plant Protection and the
Institute of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of
China jointly held the 2nd Exchange Meeting of the
Development, Promotion and Application of Herbicide.
At the meeting,
experts stated that China will rank 3rd in the world regarding the
number of pesticide-resistant weeds in the country, after Australia and
the US. Meanwhile, they believed that China will realize the
industrialization of herbicide-resistant weeds in the future.
The single use of herbicide in each region and the frequency of
planting structure adjustment results in the evolution and variation of
weeds. Research shows that the weeds in paddy fields of Heilongjiang and
Jilin provinces were mainly annual weeds, but have now evolved into
perennial weeds.
The damage caused by weeds like Sagittaria trifolia Linn., Alisma plantago-aquatica Linn. and Monochoria korsakowii is severe. The evolution of weeds and the rapid development of
resistant weeds seriously threaten the development of the herbicide
industry.
In 2009-2014, the number of biological types of resistant
weeds increased from 15 to 41, increasing by 1.7 times within 6 years.
At present there is a total 41 biological types including 27 kinds of
weeds that have resistance to 10 chemical herbicides in China.
Liu Ducai,a researcher at Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences said
that China now has many kinds of resistant weeds. A proportion
of barnyard grass in double cropping rice regions has high resistance to
frequently-used herbicides like quinclorac, penoxsulam and
bispyribac-sodium.
The resistance of some broad-leaf weeds like Monochoria vaginalis and Cyperus rotundus L. is serious, and the resistance of Chinese sprangletop is increasing annually.
According to the crop protection stations in Nanling County (Anhui
Province), Xuanzhou District (Xuanzhou City) and Yuanjiang City (Hunan
Province), the occurrence areas of resistant barnyard grass account for
about 50% of the sowing areas of rice.
The figure in other counties
(cities, districts) also exceeds 20%. It is estimated that the
occurrence areas of penoxsulam-resistant barnyardgrass exceed 200,000 ha
(3 million mu) in rice fields in Anhui, Jiangxi and Hunan provinces.
Li Zhengxian, Deputy Secretary General of China Crop Protection
Industry Association said that China should pay attention to the R&D
of herbicide-resistant crops to simplify the weeding process, ensure
the safety of rice seedlings and to achieve effective yield increases.
In the last 5 years, the planting areas of genetically modified (GM)
crops has increased. From 1996 to 2014, the figure increased by over 100
times, totaling about 1.8 billion ha. The development of GM crops will
change the application structure of pesticides. Regarding GM wheat, it
is forecasted that the cultivation of GM wheat will greatly impact the
families of wheat herbicides, wheat insecticides and wheat fungicides in
the coming 8-10 years.
Ni Hanwen, a professor at the College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,
China Agricultural University disclosed that China's herbicide
consumption will rise steadily and agrochemical enterprises will
gravitate towards cultivating herbicide-resistant GM crops.
As the
planting areas of GM crops increase, the planting of GM crops will
change the market shares of herbicides, and change the sales of
herbicides. In the future, the herbicides may be bundled with seeds for
sale.
Large-scale production will be realized gradually in China's
agriculture industry as the labor force in rural areas is moving into
cities. In order to increase the international competitiveness of
agricultural products and to address the shortage of suitable herbicides
for multiple crops especially micro crops, China is very likely to
achieve the commercialization of herbicide-resistant GM crops in the
coming future.
Currently, the glyphosate-resistant crop areas take up over 95% of the
herbicide-resistant crop areas in the world. Among the 39 GM crops newly
approved in year 2010, 24 were glyphosate-resistant crops, over 60% of
the total.
Besides glyphosate-resistant soybean, corn and cotton which
are widely planted around the world, glyphosate-resistant beet, peanut,
wheat and tomato are being developed and will gradually be planted
commercially. The development of these herbicide-resistant crops injects
fresh vitality into the traditional herbicide market.
This article comes from Herbicides China News 1604, CCM
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Tag: glyphosate herbicide